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little skate
The little skate, ''Leucoraja erinacea'', is a species of skate in the family Rajidae, found from Nova Scotia to North Carolina on sand or gravel habitats. They are one of the dominant members of the demersal fish community in the northwestern Atlantic. This species is of minimal commercial importance and is mostly used as bait for lobster traps, though its wings are also marketed for food.〔 It is also important as a model organism for biological and medical research.〔
==Distribution and habitat==
This skate is native to the western Atlantic Ocean, from Nova Scotia, Canada, to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, USA. They are most abundant in the northern Mid-Atlantic Bight and the Georges Bank. Little skates prefer sandy or gravelly habitats from the shore to a depth of , though they have been caught as deep as . They can tolerate temperatures of and salinities of 27–33.8 ppt (though the optimum is 29–33 ppt). They do not undertake long migrations, but at the inshore parts of the species' range individuals move into shallower water during the summer and deeper water during the fall and winter. At the southern extent of the range, many also move north and south with changing temperatures.〔Packer, D.B., Zetlin, C.A. and Vitaliano, J.J. (2003). (Essential Fish Habitat Source Document: Little Skate, ''Leucoraja erinacea'', Life History and Habitat Characteristics ). ''NOAA Tech Memo NMFS NE 175.'' Retrieved on March 14, 2009.〕〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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